2010年9月2日 星期四

大航海時代系列~海賊旗的秘密

作者: venti (耶 找到工作了.....) 站內: Gossiping
標題: 大航海時代系列~海賊旗的秘密
時間: Sun Oct 14 22:16:08 2007

託海賊王的福,或是更早期其他漫畫的福,大家應該都夢想過當海盜之類的吧。

很多人大概都會想當個像魯夫一樣的海賊,跟一群著志同道合的同伴,在大海為

了達成自己各自的夢想努力奮鬥著。但是現實總是殘酷的,歷史上的海賊,其實

真的不過是一群為了各自的利益跟著當時的政府(當時的海權國家,以法國英國

葡萄牙跟西班牙為大宗)做著像傭兵般的任務,要不然就是搞打家劫舍等下三濫

的非法買賣。而在當時海上通訊不易的戰爭時代,第一次接觸用來分辨敵我方最

方便方式,就是靠著旗幟。而海盜裡最有名的旗職當然就是~骷顱旗。(圖右~

這個大概是最出名的海盜旗了)


海盜旗~~他有一個特殊的名子,Jolly Roger。關於這個名子的真正起源其實大

約可以分成兩種,第一種這是一個當時橫行印度洋的印度海賊的印度名子,但是

他的名子用英文來念的話,會變成 Olly Roger,久而久之海盜的旗幟就變成了

Jolly Roger。第二種說法則是Jolly Roger來自法文中joli rouge,翻譯成中文就是美

麗的紅色。這個說法其實比第一種說法更有可能,因為一開始的海盜旗其實並不

是像我們一般想像中黑底白骷顱,相反的ㄧ開始的海盜旗是紅色的。


在十七及十八世紀時,紅色旗幟代表的是危險的意思。在大航海時代,不論是海

盜船或者是一般的商船,衛生條件其實都相當的惡劣。在水手們在食物養份嚴重

不足的情況下,抵抗力也跟著減弱。而儲存的清水跟食物,更可能隨著船上骯髒

的衛生環境被老鼠等汙染,因此那個時代的水手常常用琴酒,萊姆酒來代替飲用

水,除了酒比水更容易久放以外,也具有消毒的作用。但在這種惡劣的情況下生

活,也代表著容易就會有瘟疫或黑死病在船上流行。所以那個時後的商船如果爆

發瘟疫,就會降旗,換上所謂的紅旗~代表的就是~危險,有傳染病的患者在船

上,請遠離這艘船,又或者是請求擁有醫者的船靠近救援。


之後的海賊們,也跟著延用著代表危險跟死亡的紅色旗幟。在西班牙與英國的戰

爭中,英國大量的錄用所謂的王下七武海的海賊包括之前寫的黑鬍子跟之後的ㄧ

些傳說的海賊等等。這些海賊在七武海時代所用的海賊旗都是紅色的,代表這是

屬於英國的七武海。在英國與西班牙戰爭結束後,七武海的任務可以算是結束

了,當時英國政府給他兩條路可以選擇,一條是棄甲歸田,第二條是收歸海軍。

有些傳說的海賊最後歸順了海軍,但是更多沒有歸順的海賊則是選擇當個不受法

律規範的海盜生活,那面紅色的旗幟就跟著延用下來了。也因為這樣,後來英國

海軍通令,在海盜肆虐最嚴重的海域,像印度洋等等通通禁止使用全紅的旗幟。

而代表危險跟死亡的全紅警戒旗幟,也跟著改成燕尾形的旗幟,來跟海盜旗做為區別。


當然,海盜的本質就是海上的強盜,基本上他們是要人也要錢,要錢很好理解,

至於要人呢 由於海賊們的ㄧ開始的人數都不是很多,有些傳說的海盜更是一開

始只有十個人起家,所以他們也需要人家入夥。所以後來發展出了兩種顏色的海

盜旗,一種紅色底的就代表著死亡~我要殺掉你們船上全部的人。另一種黑色底

的代表就是死活都是看你~有些時後只是要掠奪財物,有些時後則是要拉你入

夥。一般來說,海賊都是兩旗互用,當然也有純粹是用紅底旗幟的海賊。遇到這

種海賊,你只能喊~雖~~。美麗的紅色,不過是後人用來諷刺,或者是不可說的秘

密罷了。(右圖~海賊的血紅色的海盜旗~)


其實Jolly Roger還有一個小名,那就是大家撲克牌上大家都知道的Black Jack(黑

傑克)不過這個小名的來源有一個小典故,就是他來自大英帝國國旗的暱稱Union

Jack。Jack的意義原本是掛在(戰船)船首的小國旗,就是黃金梅莉號羊頭那裏本

來會在延伸出去插國旗的。因為英國海軍都會在那裡插米字旗,所以後來又稱大

英帝國國旗Union Jack。海盜延用英國海軍的傳統~反正他們很多本來就是英國

的王下七武海,所有他們海盜旗也被稱為Black Jack,用來跟真正的海軍Union

Jack 做區別。


圖都在blog上 http://blog.pixnet.net/venti

請勿轉文 謝謝!!

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http://blog.pixnet.net/venti

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